What is Academic Major and Minor?
Meaning, Full Form & Guide (2026)
Quick Definition
A major is the primary area of academic concentration requiring 30–45 credit hours of focused coursework within a bachelor's degree. A minor is a secondary concentration requiring 15–21 credit hours. Students may declare multiple minors. Choosing a relevant minor — such as Data Science for a CS major or Finance for an Engineering major — significantly strengthens graduate school and job applications.
Academic Major and Minor — Full Explanation
In the USA and Canada, students declare their major by the end of sophomore year (Year 2). Switching majors after Year 2 can extend study duration. Double majors require meeting all requirements for both subjects — common pairings include CS + Mathematics or Economics + Statistics. For international students on F-1 visas, any change of major that significantly changes the course plan should be discussed with the DSO.
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